Chapter: Ecosystem - structure and Function; Chapter: Biodiversity

Important topics:
Ecosystem structural components,Types, Function-Productivity, Decomposition, nutrient cycling, Energy Flow- Food chain/ food webs
Ecological pyramids of number, biomass, Energy,
Ecological succession- Primary vs Secondary
                                     Xerarch vs Hydrach
          Pioneer species, Climax Community
Nutrient cycling- Sedimentary and Gaseous cycles, Carbon cycle, Phosphorus Cycle


Biodiversity, Types, Pattern of Biodiversity distribution, Significance of biodiversity, Loss of Biodiversity- consequences, Examples, Causes,
                     Conservation strategies- In situ vs Ex situ conservation

Chapter 12: Organisms and Environment

Ecology, Environment- abiotic and biotic factors, Conformers/ regulators/ Partial regulators,
Adaptations- morphological, physiological, behavioural
Population attributes: size, birth rate, death rate, sex ratio, age structure
Exponential and logistic growth,
Poulation interactions: Mutualism, Commensalism, Ammensalism, Predation, Parasitism