Topics discussed so far..

Chapter 1: Reproduction in organisms:
Reproduction , Types: Asexual and Sexual, Differences, Advantages and disadvantages of both, Types of Asexual reproduction, Phases in sexually reproducing organism- Juvenile/ Vegetative,Reproductive, Post Reproductive: Events in sexual reproduction- Pre fertilisation, Fertilisation and Post Fertilisation events,
Terms such as Continuous vs Seasonal Breeders, Monoecious vs Dioecious, Homothallic vs Heterothallic, Hermaphrodite, Isogametes vs Heterogametes, External vs Internal Fertilisation, Oviparous vs Viviparous, Parthenogenesis,Gametogenesis vs Embryogenesis, Meiocytes

Chapter 2 : Reproduction in Flowering Plants:
Prefertilisation events: Structure of sporangium, Sporogenesis (Micro and mega), microspore and megaspore, Male gametophyte( pollen grain) and female gametophyte ( Embryo sac), Monosporic development, Gametogenesis , Gamete transfer: Pollination types, Autogamy, Geitonogamy, Xenogamy,
Fertilisation: Double Fertilisation: Syngamy and Triple fusion
Post Fertilisation events: Endosperm development and Embryo development: Monocot vs Dicot.

Class XII : 2016-2017 session ( Orientation to syllabus)

Welcome to class XII...

Introduction to syllabus:
                 Theory
Unit VI:        Reproduction-                                           14 marks
Unit VII:      Genetics and Evolution-                           18 marks
Unit VIII:    Biology and Human Welfare                    14 marks
Unit IX:        Biotechnology and Its applications         10 marks
Unit X:          Ecology and Environment                       14 marks
                                                                                          70marks                                                                                       
Practicals:
Evaluation Scheme:
1. One major Experiment                               5 Marks
2. One Minor Experiment                               4 marks
3. Slide Preparation                                        5 marks
4. Spotting    (7 spots)                                    7 marks
5. Practical Record+ Viva                               4 marks
6. Project + Viva                                             5 marks
                                                                     (30 marks)

List of Experiments

1. Study pollen germination on a slide.

2. Collect and study soil from at least two different sites and study them for

  texture, moisture content, pH and water holding capacity. Correlate with the kinds

  of plants found  in them.

3. Collect water from two different water bodies around you and study them for  

    pH, clarity and presence of any living organisms.

4. Study the presence of suspended particulate matter in air at two widely different sites.

5. Study of plant population density by quadrat method.

6. Study of plant population frequency by quadrat method.

7. Prepare a temporary mount of onion root tip to study mitosis.

8. Study the effect of different temperatures and three  different  pH on the activity

   of salivary amylase on starch.      

9. Isolation of DNA from available plant material such as spinach, green pea seeds, papaya, etc.

B. Study/observation of the following (Spotting)

1. Flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insect, bird).

2. Pollen germination on stigma through a permanent slide.

3. Identification of stages of gamete development, i.e., T.S. of testis and T.S. of ovary through permanent  slides (from grasshopper/mice).

4. Meiosis in onion bud cell or grasshopper testis through  permanent slides.

5. T.S. of blastula through permanent slides.

6. Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colour/sizes of any plant.

7. Prepared pedigree charts of any one of the genetic traits  such as rolling of tongue, blood groups, ear lobes, widow's  peak and colour blindness.

8. Controlled pollination - emasculation, tagging and bagging.

9. Common disease causing organisms like Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium,  

   Roundworm through permanent slides or specimens. Comment on symptoms of  

  disease that  they cause.

10. Two plants and two animals (models/virtual images) found in xeric conditions.

    Comment upon their morphological adaptations.

11. Two plants and two animals (models/virtual images) found in aquatic   

    conditions. Comment on their morphological adaptations.

Supplementary material

Supplementary material at the end of the book is to be studied properly ..If any doubt arises discuss it with me..
Practise the sample paper released by CBSE..as available on the blog..

CBSE sample paper 2015-16

CBSE sample paper 2015-16

Marking scheme/Answer key

Biology practical Exam date- 9/02/2016

Biology practical exam date : 9/02/2016

Bring your practical file and project report on the practical day. Make sure your file is neatly covered, index is completed and signed.... Study your project report and practical related viva questions and entire syllabus for viva...

work to be done during winter break

Prepare a time schedule and revise well for your board exams.
Break your syllabus and prepare chapter wise refering to previous year questions.
(Biology paper to be held on 21st March, 2016, Monday).

 Prepare the sample viva questions and bring white cover for your practical file on 18th jan, positively.

Happy new year and Best wishes for your bright future...
Work hard to achieve all your dreams.. Give your best and you will get the best....

Sample viva questions

DAV Public School, Kailash Hills

XII Practicals( 2015-16)

Sample Viva questions

1.       How many pairs of salivary glands are found in human beings?

2.       What are enzymes? Give two most important characteristics of enzymes.

3.       Why are enzymes referred to as biocatalyst?

4.       Why is NaCl added in the starch solution while testing salivary amylase activity?

5.       What are the end products of salivary amylase activity?

6.       What is achromic point?

7.       Did all three sets of tubes reach achromic point (while studying effect of pH and temperature)? If not , why so?

8.       What do you mean by optimum temperature, pH, and denaturation of enzyme?

9.       Why do we add NaCl while extracting DNA?

10.   Why is liquid soap added to the solution for extracting DNA out of cells?

11.   Why is chilled ethanol added while separating DNA fibres from the solution?

12.   Name the various types of soil.

13.   On what basis are various types of soils classified?

14.   Which component of soil is responsible for retention of water?

15.   Why is soil water important?

16.   Name the soil which can retain maximum and minimum amount of water.

17.   Which type of soil is ideal for plant growth?

18.   How is the study of soil structure important for selecting crops to be grown?

19.   How is pH of soil important and how is humus important for soil?

20.   Why is mitosis termed as equational division and meiosis as reductional division?

21.   What do you mean by term karyokinesis and cytokinesis?

22.   At what stage of cell division does nuclear membrane reappear?

23.   In which stage of cell division chromosomes are seen best?

24.   What are the main events occurring during different phases of mitosis and meiosis?

25.   What are the advantages of working with pea plant in dihybrid and monohybrid cross?

26.   What is the Law of Dominance, Law of segregation and Law of Independent Assortment?

27.   What are pedigree charts and how are they useful in genetical studies?

28.   What is colour blindness? Mention its genetical basis.

29.   What is haemophilia? Mention its genetical basis

30.   What is parasite? What do you understand by primary and secondary host?

31.   What causes Amoebic dysentery, malaria, Ascariasis?  Mention the symptoms and mode of infection?

32.   Name the ecological problems faced in dry xerophytic conditions.

33.   Name a few adaptations found in xerophytic plants to prevent loss of water.

34.   Name a few adaptations to manage minimum loss of water in desert animals..

35.   Name ecological problems in aquatic mode of life.

36.   Name ecological adaptations in aquatic mode of life.

37.   What is full form of BOD? What is DO and COD?

38.   What is significance of BOD in an aquatic ecosystem?

39.   What is the relationship between DO and BOD?